Some structural metallic materials, with only necessary to be "nanocrystallized" rather than to be increased with the contents of Cr and Al, have the ability to thermally grow a protective scale of Cr2O3 and Al2O3 at high temperature environments. Nanocrystallizationof alloys containing Cr or/and Al is an alternative to conventionally coating them with a high-Cr or/and high-Al material. High temperature corrosion behaviors of nanocrystalline metallic materials have been extensively reported in the past 20 years. In this paper, characteristics of high temperature corrosion of nanocrystalline metals, together with the fundamental reasons and questions desired to be clarified for the improvement of the corrosion resistance of alloys by nanocrystallization, were briefly reviewed.
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