The Weibull distribution, abrasion performance and cutting lifetime of Al2O3 of Al2O3/ZrO2（Y2O3） composites were investigated. The cutting lifetime of Al2O3/ZrO2（Y2O3） cutting tool was established using single linearity regression. The effects of different cutting conditions on the cutting lifetime of Al2O3/ZrO2（Y2O3） composite cutting tool were completely analyzed, The results show that Weibull modula （m） of Al2O3, Al2O3/ZrO2（2Y） and Al2O3/ ZrO2（3Y） composites are 5.6, 10.2 and 11.7 respectively, showing that the Al2O3/ZrO2（3Y） composite has the best reliability. The abrasion mechanism during cutting process of 40CrMoNiA alloy steel by Al2O3/ZrO2（Y2O3） cutting tool results from grain abrasion and adhesion abrasion, The parameters in the endurance model, vc, f and ap are 1.3, 1.69 and 0.66, respectively. The cutting tool material investigated at present is suitable for high-speed cutting, The maximal influence factor is the amount of feed （f）. Under the optimum cutting conditions, vc= 140 m/min, ap=0.5 mm and f=0.3 mm/r, the endurance life of the composite cutting tool is 3 h.
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