The crystal sites of Si and atom magnetic moment in the DyFe10Si2 were determined by neutron powder diffraction at 77K temperature in order to investigate the structure and magnetic properties. The results showed that there is a small angle between the easy magnetization direction and ab plane in DyFe10Si2 at 77 K temperature. The magnetization and interstitial atom effects in DyFe10Si2Nx compounds and its nitride were calculated by the new developed full-potential linearized augmented plane wave （LAPW） and local orbital （Io） based on standard APW method and the action of N in the compounds was analyzed along with the different occupied sites of Si atom. The results showed that saturation magnetization is enhanced by the introduction of N atom （but the effect is very weak） and the Curie temperature is increased about 15%-20%.
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