The Earliest Normal Flower from Liaoning Province, China

IMR OpenIR

	The Earliest Normal Flower from Liaoning Province, China
其他题名	The Earliest Normal Flower from Liaoning Province, China
	Wang Xin 1; Zheng Shaolin 3
	2009
发表期刊	JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
ISSN	1672-9072
卷号	51 期号:8 页码:800-811
摘要	The early evolution of angiosperms has been a focus of intensive research for more than a century. The Yixian Formation in western Liaoning yields one of the earliest angiosperm macrofloras. Despite multitudes of angiosperm fossils uncovered, including Archaefructus and Sinocarpus, no bona fide normal flower has been dated to 125 Ma (mega-annum) or older. Here we report Callianthus dilae gen. et sp. nov. from the Yixian Formation (Early Cretaceous) in western Liaoning, China as the earliest normal flower known to date. The flower demonstrates a typical floral organization, including tepals, androecium, and gynoecium. The tepals are spatulate with parallel veins. The stamens have a slender filament, a globular anther, bristles at the anther apex, and in situ round-triangular pollen grains. The gynoecium is composed of two stylate carpels enclosed in a fleshy envelope, and develops into a "hip" when mature. Since the well-accepted history of angiosperms is not much longer than 125 Ma, Callianthus together with Chaoyangia, Archaefructus and Sinocarpus from the Yixian Formation demonstrate a surprisingly high diversity of angiosperms, implying a history of angiosperms much longer than currently accepted.
其他摘要	The early evolution of angiosperms has been a focus of intensive research for more than a century. The Yixian Formation in western Liaoning yields one of the earliest angiosperm macrofloras. Despite multitudes of angiosperm fossils uncovered, Including Archaefructus and Sinocarpus, no bona fide normal flower has been dated to 125 Ma (mega-annum) or older. Here we report Callianthus dilae gen. at sp. nov. from the Yixian Formation (Early Cretaceous) in western Liaoning, China as the earliest normal flower known to date. The flower demonstrates a typical floral organization, including tepals, androecium, and gynoecium. The tepals are spatulata with parallel veins. The stamens have a slender filament, a globular anther, bristles at the anther apex, and in situ round-triangular pollen grains. The gynoecium is composed of two stylate carpels enclosed in a fleshy envelope, and develops into a "hip" when mature. Since the well-accepted history of angiosperms is not much longer than 125 Me, Callianthus together with Chaoyangia, Archaefructus and Sinocarpus from the Yixian Formation demonstrate a surprisingly high diversity of angiosperms, implying a history of angiosperms much longer than currently accepted.
关键词	YIXIAN FORMATION NORTHEAST CHINA EPHEDRA EPHEDRACEAE JURASSIC ANGIOSPERM BASAL ANGIOSPERMS CONE MORPHOLOGY NE CHINA POLLEN FOSSIL EVOLUTION angiosperm bisexual Callianthus Early Cretaceous flower Liaoning perianth Yixian Formation
收录类别	CSCD
语种	英语
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3652478
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.imr.ac.cn/handle/321006/155948
专题	中国科学院金属研究所
作者单位	1.武汉大学 2.中国科学院 3.中国科学院金属研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wang Xin,Zheng Shaolin. The Earliest Normal Flower from Liaoning Province, China[J]. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY,2009,51(8):800-811.
APA	Wang Xin,&Zheng Shaolin.(2009).The Earliest Normal Flower from Liaoning Province, China.JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY,51(8),800-811.
MLA	Wang Xin,et al."The Earliest Normal Flower from Liaoning Province, China".JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 51.8(2009):800-811.