In the present research nanocrystalline particles wee studied in three aspects: the preparation of nanocrystalline partides; the examination of structure and surface features; the fractal characterization of nanocrystalline particles. Fe nanocrystalline particles were processed through vapour quench deposition in improved ZDG-300 vacuum vapour deposition equipment. Their composition, surface and bulk crystal structure, valence state as well as their morphology and distribution were studied by X-ray Diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy and Surface Analysis System. The basic fractal concept, fractal properties and its application were introduced. The main principle and specific methods based on the measurement of fractal dimension were described. The geometric properties of particles were studied by fractal characterization. By using the Point-Counting and "Division" Method the fractal dimension of nanocrystalline particles Fe and SiC were measured. In addition, the SiC/EPOXY RESIN compound structure was analysed. Its fractal dimentsin was found by the "Division" method which is of wide potential applicability.
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