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2.25Cr-1Mo钢的微观组织和回火脆机制研究
孟庆海
学位类型硕士
导师王仪康
1989-09-14
学位授予单位中国科学院金属研究所
学位授予地点中国科学院金属研究所
关键词回火脆 痕量元素 残余奥氏体
摘要2.25Cr-1Mo中温热强钢只有在ASTM.No.8~9的细晶粒度的低碳马氏体板条基体条件下才能得到优越的强韧性配比。在这种基体中的残余奥氏体含量不高(≤3%),在300℃以下回火全部分解,由于残余奥氏体分解引起的“第一类回火脆”很微弱可以略而不计。这种钢在300~600℃中温长期工作,其中的碳化物、S、P杂质元素和Sn痕量元素向晶界、亚晶界和马氏体板条等相界集聚浓度高出在晶内浓度的20~60倍,导致在试样断口出现沿晶界或其它相界面低塑性解理,在粗晶的条件下,钢中含有较高锡(0.024~0.067Sn%)会导致断口上出现沿晶界发展的二次裂纹。虽然能够通过钢中的No在晶界集聚达到较晶内浓度高三倍的作用来抑止钢中P和Sn等在晶界的偏析从而延缓了这种“第二类回火脆”发展过程,但是并不能完全杜绝其对基体韧性的危害。
其他摘要The good strength - toughness combination of 2.1/4Cr-1Mo Steel is merely in account of its fine grain size (ASTM.NO.8~9) low carbon Martensite lath matrix with very small retained Austenite which is generally less than 3% volum fraction and completely decomposed by tempering below 300 ℃. It means that the "ONe Step Temperembrittlement" of 2.1/4Cr-1Mo steel which is mainly due to retained Austenite decomposition is very weak and can be neglected. There are no significient dropping in low temperature toughness of low tin (0.0031Sn%) 2.1/4Cr-1Mo steel after 1310 hour long term simulated service isothermal ageing in 300~600 ℃, but apparently dropping are shown of the Tin doped (0.024~0.054% Sn) 2.1/4Cr-1Mo steels being treated of the same isothermal ageing in consequence of the tramp element Tin and impurities P and S segregated to grain boundaries, subboundaries, or martensite lath phase boundaries, where their concentrations might be as high as 20~60 times their average bulk contents, which reduce the cohesion force of the matrix lattic. The fractopography of the fine grain specimens the cohesion force of the matrix lattic. The fractopography of the fine grain specimens are chiefly transgranular clevage along the subboundaries or Martensite phase boundaries whith small plastic dimples on their surfaces. The intergranular fracture with apparent cleavages along the grain boundary, however, may be observable only in the coarse grain (ASTM. No. 4~5) matrix steel specimen fractopography. Although "Two Step Temperembrittlement" in 2.1/4Cr-1Mo steel can be largely eliminated by molybedeum addition which may postpone the segregation process of tramp element Tin and impurities P to the grain boundaries through molybdeum concentrated there as more as 3 times than its bulk content in the matrix, such treatment by no means root up the tramp element harmful effects on the after long term isothermal ageing toughness of 2.1/4Cr-1Mo steel.
页数76
语种中文
文献类型学位论文
条目标识符http://ir.imr.ac.cn/handle/321006/17423
专题中国科学院金属研究所
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714
孟庆海. 2.25Cr-1Mo钢的微观组织和回火脆机制研究[D]. 中国科学院金属研究所. 中国科学院金属研究所,1989.
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