低维纳米材料的制备及结构敏感性研究

IMR OpenIR

	低维纳米材料的制备及结构敏感性研究
	高旭锋
学位类型	硕士
导师	苏党生
	2012
学位授予单位	中国科学院金属研究所
学位授予地点	北京
学位专业	材料学
关键词	纳米氧化铈纳米碳丙烷氧化脱氢乙苯脱氢一氧化碳氧化 Nanomaterials Cerium Oxide Oxidation Dehydrogenation Of Propane Dehydrogenation Of Ethylbenzene Carbon Monooxide Oxidation
摘要	"低维纳米材料由于优异的小尺寸效应，表面修饰作用以及电子限域效应而被广泛的研究。氧化铈纳米材料不仅具有纳米材料的优异特性，而且具有独特的f层电子所引起的良好的氧储放能力，因而成为催化研究的热点之一。本论文首次系统地考察了氧化铈纳米棒和纳米颗粒的形貌、晶相、晶粒尺寸和比表面积随焙烧温度升高而变化的趋势，获得了纳米材料的结构与热稳定性之间的直接关系。进一步考察了两种形貌的氧化铈纳米结构作为载体负载氧化钒催化丙烷氧化脱氢性能的差异，获得了形貌与催化性能之间的关联。率先在氧化铈水热合成过程中引入C6H12(OH)6，制备了由小的纳米颗粒自组装而成的大孔氧化铈纳米微球。系统的考察了C6H12(OH)6和NaOH对产物形貌，比表面积，孔结构，孔分布，孔体积以及晶相的影响，推测了C6H12(OH)6在合成过程中发挥的作用，低浓度主要作为螯合剂，高浓度主要发挥模版剂的作用。考察了不同形貌的氧化铈负载氧化钒催化丙烷氧化脱氢的性能。对比并验证了氧化铈载体上钒的表面浓度对催化性能的影响，同时考察了不同形貌氧化铈载体的结构敏感性。考察了CO氧化及乙苯直接脱氢反应中氧化铈作为催化剂活性组分的结构敏感性，在CO氧化中表现出明显的结构敏感性，而在乙苯脱氢反应却不太明显。"
其他摘要	"Low-dimension materials have been extensively concerned due to the excellent electronic small size effect, surface modification and electronic confinement effect. Cerium oxide nanomaterials not only demonstrate the outstanding characteristics of nanomaterials, but also have the unique f-layer electron which leads to good oxygen storage and release capacity. These characteristcs make it become one of the focus points of catalytic study. We studied the changes of morphology, crystalline phase, grain size and BET surface area of CeO2 nanorods and nanoparticles with the increasing calcination temperature. And we obtained the relationship between structure and thermal stability of nanomaterials. Furthermore, we investigated the V2O5/CeO2 catalysts activity in the reaction of propane oxidative dehydrogenation and got the relationship between morphology and catalytic performance. We prepared a self-assembled CeO2 nanosphere with large hole by introducing C6H12(OH)6 in hydrothermal synthesis process. Then we investigated the effect of C6H12(OH)6 and NaOH to the morphology, BET surface area, pore structure, pore size distribution, pore volume, as well as the crystal phase, which suggested that low concentration of C6H12(OH)6 as a chelating agent, while high concentration of mainly play the role of the template agent. In the reaction of ODP, different loading amount of V2O5/CeO2 catalysts had various of vanadium oxide phase What’s more, V2O5/CeO2 nanorods had higher C3H6 Selectivity and they had obviously structure sensitivity. We also Investigated the structure sensitivity in reaction of CO oxidation and ethylbenzene direct dehydrogenation when CeO2 as a catalyst active component. And obtained that CeO2 had showed significant structure sensitivity in CO oxidation while negligible sensitivity in ethylbenzene dehydrogenation reaction. "
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.imr.ac.cn/handle/321006/64518
专题	中国科学院金属研究所
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	高旭锋. 低维纳米材料的制备及结构敏感性研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院金属研究所,2012.