The structure of several kinds of bio-materials were studied in this paper in the eyes of composites researchers and some common composite properties have been found. For instance, the principle of composite is incarnated in every scale, sequence and direction. In biological field, materials have the ability of self-adjustment and mechanism of feedback due to "The Principle of Functional Adaptability", which make the biological structure satisfy the principle of mechanics and usually the better or best one. In addition, cylindrical reinforcement is usual in nature, such as various plant fibers and Haversian unit in bone. On the basis of above analysis, we put emphasis upon long-fibers-reinforced natural material—bamboo, whose structure, mechanical properties and relationship between them were studied. The size of bamboo specimen were determined according to the test standard of composite materials and the distribution of bamboo fibers along thickness direction was obtained by using automatic image analyzer. Finally, a bionic beam model imitating the distribution of fibers in bamboo was carried out and was experimentally verified by carbon/epoxy resin composites with its flexural strength increased about 80% compared with a uniformly-distributed beam.
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